I-Cannabis sativa, eyaziwa nangokuthi isitshalo se-cannabis, iqukethe izinhlanganisela ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-cannabinoids. Bangu ngaphezu kwe-100 eyengeziwe ngaphandle kwama-cannabinoids I-THC futhi I-CBD ezitholwe ngocwaningo zinemiphumela yebhayoloji kubantu.
Kukhona ukuhluka okuningana okubalulekile phakathi kwe-THC ne-CBD, yize zombili zisebenzisana nohlelo lwe-endocannabinoid. Umehluko ophawulekayo ukuthi, ngokungafani ne-THC, i-CBD ayinazo izinto ezithinta ingqondo abantu abaningi abangazixhumanisa nokuphakama kwensangu.
Lesi sihloko sizokuhambisa kukho konke I-CBD vs I-THC.
Okuqukethwe
Ukuba "Phezulu"
Yize zombili zingama-cannabinoids, i-THC ne-CBD zisabela nobuchopho ama-cannabinoid receptors ngezindlela ezihluke kancane.
Ngokuvumelana ne ubufakazi, iTHC inganamathisela kuma-cannabinoid receptors ayisisekelo ngoba ukwakheka kwawo kwamakhemikhali kuyefana ama-anandamide. Igama elithi "endogenous cannabinoids" noma "endocannabinoids" libhekisela ekilasini lama-cannabinoids adalwa umzimba ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kufana kwesakhiwo kuvumela i-THC ukuthi ihlangane nalawa ma-receptors futhi ikhiqize okuphezulu okuhlotshaniswa nabaningi nokusetshenziswa kwe-cannabis ngezinjongo zokuzijabulisa.
I-CBD, ngokungafani ne-THC, ayikhiqizi umphumela odakayo abasebenzisi be-cannabis abawujwayele. Ngenkathi ochwepheshe bengenasiqiniseko sokuthi i-CBD isabela kanjani kuma-receptors, bacabanga ukuthi inamathela kubo ngendlela ehlukile I-THC kwenza. Esikhundleni salokho, i-CBD ingathuthukisa imiphumela yamanye ama-cannabinoids noma ixhumane nama-receptors ososayensi abasawahlonza.
Iyini Imvelaphi Yabo
Izitshalo zensangu ngokwemvelo ziqukethe kokubili I-THC kanye ne-CBD. Kepha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesitshalo zinokugxila okuhlukahlukene kwama-cannabinoids. Isibonelo, i-CBD evela ku-hemp, okuhlukile kwesitshalo se-Cannabis sativa, isetshenziswa lapho umuntu edla uhlobo lokwelapha lwe-cannabis olunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-CBD.
Ukuhlushwa kwe I-THC in hemp vs other cannabis plants is the primary distinction. C. sativa plants with less than 0.3% THC are regarded as hemp according to the Umthethosivivinywa Wasepulazini wezi-2018. Ezinye izinhlobo zivame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-THC kanye namazinga e-CBD aphansi. Ngokusho kuka-a Ukuhlaziywa kwe-2016, isilinganiso samandla ezitshalo zensangu sikhuphuke sisuka cishe ku-4% ngo-1995 saya ku-12% ngo-2014. Isilinganiso samazinga e-CBD sehle sisuka ku-0.28% saya ngaphansi kuka-0.15% phakathi kuka-2001 no-2014.
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali
Yize zinemiphumela ehlukahlukene yezemithi, i-THC ne-CBD zinezakhiwo zamangqamuzana ezifanayo. Womabili anama-athomu omoya-mpilo angu-2, ama-athomu e-hydrogen angu-30 nama-athomu e-carbon angu-21. Kodwa-ke, umehluko phakathi kwe-THC ne-CBD kungenxa yokwehluka kwemizuzu ekuhlelweni kwama-athomu.
Izinzuzo
Uma kuziwa ukubhekana nezindaba zezempilo, CBD kanye I-THC sebenza ngokufanayo. Izicelo zomuthi ngamunye ziyehluka kancane, nokho.
Izimo ezijwayelekile abantu abasebenzisa i-CBD ukwelapha zihlanganisa:
- migraine
- I-Psychosis noma ezinye izifo zengqondo
- Ukuvuvukala
- Ukucindezeleka
- ukuquleka
- I-IBD (i-irritable bowel syndrome)
I-THC ingase isetshenziselwe ukwelapha ezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
- I-spasticity yemisipha
- I-glaucoma
- Ukungabi nokulala
- Ukungabi nesifiso
Zombili lezi zingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni:
- I-nausea
- ukukhathazeka
- Ubuhlungu
Okusemthethweni
Abantu manje sebevunyelwe ukudla i-cannabis yezokwelapha, okungenani ngamanani alinganiselwe, ezifundazweni eziningi zaseNyakatho Melika. Ukuthi izwe ngalinye likuchaza futhi likulawule kanjani ukusetshenziswa okusemthethweni, incwadi kadokotela, noma ukuthengiswa kwensangu kuyahluka kancane. Ukusetshenziswa okusemthethweni kwensangu yezokwelapha akuvunyelwe yinoma yimuphi umthetho wenhlangano. Njengoba kungekho mbuso ophasise umthetho ovumela ukusetshenziswa noma ukugunyazwa kwensangu yezokwelapha, akukho emthethweni ukwenza kanjalo kwenye indawo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu ngezinjongo zokungcebeleka kugunyazwe ezifundazweni eziningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu ekuzijabuliseni kwenqatshelwe umthetho wenhlangano, njengensangu yezokwelapha.
Ngaphambi kokuthola i-cannabis yezokwelapha, ikhasimende kufanele liphenye izidingo ezingokomthetho esifundazweni salo. Ukuthenga noma ukudla insangu nganoma iyiphi injongo, kungaba eyezokwelapha noma ngenye indlela, kungase kungabi emthethweni uma umthetho ungakuvumeli ngokucacile lokho.
Imithetho elawula ukusetshenziswa kwe-cannabis ngezinjongo zezokwelapha nezokuzijabulisa iqhubeka nokuvela. Umuntu ocabanga ngokuthatha i-THC noma i-CBD kufanele ahlole njalo imithetho yendawo ngoba ingase ichitshiyelwe noma ibe senqubweni yokushintsha.
Imiphumela Emibi
Kokubili i-CBD ne-THC zinemiphumela emibi ephansi ngokuqhathaniswa.
I-World Health Organization (WHO) ithi i-CBD ayiyona ingozi futhi ayibonakali inamandla okusebenzisa kabi noma izinto eziyingozi. Imiphumela emibi engaba khona, ngokusho kwe I-Food and Drug Administration (FDA), mhlawumbe kungumphumela wokusebenzelana neminye imithi umuntu angase ayisebenzise. Ukwengeza, isibindi nokuzala kwabesilisa kungase kuthinteke.
Abasebenzisi be-THC bangahlangabezana nemiphumela emibi embalwa yesikhashana. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:
- Ukwandisa izinga lenhliziyo
- Izinselelo zokuxhumanisa
- Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo
- Umuzwa ophezulu ojwayelekile
- Impendulo enensayo
- Amehlo alubomvu
- Umlomo omile
Ukuphakama kungaba nomthelela ongemuhle ngokwengqondo, ikakhulukazi entsheni. Lokhu kungase kube umphumela wobuchopho obukhulayo bentsha. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kwabanye abantu abathambekele ku-schizophrenia, imithamo evamile noma ephezulu ye-THC ingase inyuse ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo.
I-THC noma i-CBD akubonakali kunemiphumela emibi. Kokubili akubulali uma kuthathwa njengokuyaliwe. Ukwengeza, kubonakala sengathi mancane amathuba okuba umlutha kulabo abasebenzisa i-THC ngokuzijabulisa.
Amafomu Nezindlela Zokusebenzisa
Izitshalo ze-cannabis ngokwemvelo ziqukethe kokubili i-THC ne-CBD. ICannabis ivame ukubhenywa noma i-vaped, nakuba abanye abantu bengase bangakwazi ukwenza kanjalo ngenxa yezinkinga zezokwelapha. Ngenye indlela, abantu bangathenga imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene equkethe lawa ma-cannabinoids.
I-CBD ikhona ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Lezi izi:
- Izinhlayiya
- Amaphilisi
- Izinsini
- amafutha
I-THC iyatholakala nangezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, njenge:
- Okudliwayo, njengama-brownies
- Izinhlayiya
- amafutha
- Imikhiqizo ebhemayo
Isemthethweni kangakanani i-CBD?
Incazelo esemthethweni ye-Controlled Substances Act yensangu yashintshwa uMthethosivivinywa Wepulazi ka-2018 ukuze ungabandakanyi i-hemp. Lokhu kwenza eminye imikhiqizo ye-CBD ethathwe ku-hemp ibe ne-THC esemthethweni engaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-0.3 ezingeni likahulumeni. Kodwa-ke, labo abanamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-0.3 i-THC basafaneleka njengensangu ngaphansi komthetho wenhlangano noma bengavunyelwa ngaphansi kwemithetho yezinye izifundazwe. Hlola imithetho yezwe ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi usohambeni. Khumbula ukuthi i-FDA ayizange iyigunyaze imikhiqizo ye-CBD engagunyaziwe, futhi ezinye izinto zingase zibe namalebula adukisayo.
I-CBD vs iTHC
Eminye yemehluko phakathi kwalawa ma-cannabinoids amabili avezwe etafuleni elilandelayo.
IZwi Final
Cannabis plants contain cannabinoids like THC and CBD. The most significant distinction between them, despite their similarity in structure and the conditions they may help treat, is that I-THC will make a person feel high, whilst CBD won’t.
Abathengi kufanele bajwayelane nomthetho wendawo ngaphambi kokuthenga nokusebenzisa i-CBD noma i-THC. Zisavinjelwe ezingeni likahulumeni futhi zivunyelwe kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelashwa noma ukuzijabulisa ezifundeni ezimbalwa.
