Ucwaningo olusha olushicilelwe ku-JAMA Network Open lubonisa ukuthi ngokokuqala ngqa ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-e nsuku zonke phakathi kwabantu baseMelika abaneminyaka engu-18-20 ubudala kwehle ngo-2020. Amazinga amanje okusebenzisa i-e-cigarette nawo ehle kancane okubonisa imiphumela emihle yogwayi. ugwayi 21 umthetho.
Lolu cwaningo lwenziwe yi-Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science ye-American Heart Association futhi lugxile kudatha ezibika yona yokusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-e yezakhamizi zase-UA. Idatha iqoqwe phakathi kuka-2017 no-2020 kusukela ku-Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Idatha yayingabantu abadala abangaphezu kuka-429,000 ngo-2017, ngaphezu kwabantu abadala abangu-280,000 ngo-2018, kanye nabantu abadala abangaba ngu-285,000 ngo-2020. Abacwaningi babe nentshisekelo yokulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwe-e-cigarette kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwe-e-cigarette (okusetshenziswe ezinsukwini zokugcina ezingu-30) izwe ngalinye phakathi kuka-2017 no-2020.
Sekukonke, kube nokwehla okuncane ekusetshenzisweni kwamanje kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi ezweni. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi ezweni kwehle kusuka ku-5.5% ngo-2018 kuya cishe ku-5.1% ngo-2020. Ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwakungeyona into efanayo kuzo zonke izifundazwe. Abanye baqophe ukuthuthukiswa okuyisibonelo ngenkathi abanye baqopha ukwanda. Isibonelo, izifunda ezifana neNew York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, kanye neNyakatho Dakota ziqophe ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwe-e-cigarette phakathi kwabantu abadala bayo. Ngenkathi izifundazwe iTennessee, Kansas, ne-Utah ziqophe ukwanda ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kwakungefani kuwo wonke amaqembu eminyaka. Nakuba amanye amaqembu eqophe ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kwamanje amanye abe nokwenyuka okuphawulekayo. Ukwehla okukhulu kakhulu bekuphakathi kwabantu abadala abaneminyaka eyi-18 kuye kwengama-20. NgokukaMichael J. Blaha, MD, MPH, umbhali ophezulu wocwaningo lokhu kwakubangelwa ingxenye yokuthi izifundazwe eziningi ziye zaphasisa umthetho ovimbela ukudayiswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi kuhlanganise nogwayi we-e kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-21. Ukwanda okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwamanje kogwayi be-elekthronikhi bekuphakathi kwalabo abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-21 no-24. Lokhu kuyethusa njengoba kubonakala sengathi njengoba izizukulwane ezincane ziwugwema ugwayi we-e-cigarette abadala bayawamukela.
Olunye udaba obelukhathaza wukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kukagwayi we-e. Phakathi kwabasebenzisi bamanje, inani lalabo ababike ukuthi basebenzisa i-e-cigarettes nsuku zonke likhuphuke lisuka ku-34.5% kuzwelonke ngo-2017 laya cishe ku-44.4 kuzwelonke ngo-2020. Futhi, ukwanda okuphezulu kwenzeke phakathi kwalabo abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-21 no-24.
Ababhali balolu cwaningo bakholelwa ukuthi umthetho kagwayi 21 okhuphule iminyaka yokubhema/i-vaping kuya ku-21 uye wasiza ekwehliseni ukubhebhetheka kwabasebenzisa ugwayi we-e njengamanje ezweni. Kodwa-ke, bathi kusekuningi okumele kwenziwe ukufundisa abantu abadala ikakhulukazi abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-21 no-24 ngobungozi bokuphefumula.
“Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi i-e-cigarette inemiphumela eyingozi ohlelweni lwenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa nokunyuka isilinganiso senhliziyo nomfutho wegazi. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi kanye nogwayi ovuthayo kumelela iphethini yokusetshenziswa eyinkinga nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, " Kusho uBlaha.
U-Ellen Boakye, MD, MPH, umbhali ohlangene wocwaningo uthi imfundo yomphakathi ebanzi iyindlela okufanele ihambe. Ukholelwa ukuthi imfundo ebanzi yomphakathi ngezingozi zokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi kulandela ukuqubuka kwe-EVALI ngo-2019 kungaba nomthelela ekwehleni kwenani labasebenzisi bamanje bakagwayi we-e ezweni.
"Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi imfundo ebanzi yomphakathi kanye nokuqwashisa umphakathi okuhambisana nogwayi we-elekhthronikhi wango-2019 noma i-vaping product-associated lung injury (EVALI) kungenzeka kube neqhaza," uthe.
Ababhali balolu cwaningo bayavuma ukuthi ucwaningo lwabo alukwazanga ukubikezela zonke izici ezilawula ukwehla noma ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwe-e-cigarette. Ngakho-ke, izifundo ezengeziwe zizodingeka ukuze kuhlolwe izici ezinomthelela ekuguqukeni kokusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuya ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa izinqubomgomo zokunqanda ukusetshenziswa kwe-e-cigarette.
