Nakuba intsha vape sehlile muva nje, ucwaningo olusha luveza ukuthi labo abenza i-vape baqala kusenesikhathi futhi bawasebenzisa kaningi.
Ngokocwaningo olushicilelwe ngoMsombuluko ephephabhukwini lezokwelapha i-JAMA Network Open, ingaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa lentsha edla ukudla kuphela. ugwayi electronic usebenzise amadivayisi phakathi kwemizuzu emihlanu yokuqala ngemva kokuvuka usuku ngalunye phakathi kuka-2014 no-2017, kodwa leso sibalo sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-10.3% kusukela ngo-2017 kuya ku-2021.
Umqedazwe we-COVID-19 ubangele ukwanda kokudangala kwentsha, ukucindezeleka, izimpawu ze-neuropsychiatric, nokuziphatha kokuzibulala, abacwaningi baseMassachusetts General Hospital naseSan Francisco bathi ocwaningweni lwabo. "Lokhu kwanda komfutho kungase kubonise ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwe-nicotine ukuze uzitholele ngokwakho ukuphendula kulokhu kwanda," basho.
Lolu bhubhane luye lwaholela nasekulahlekelweni konyaka ezinhlelweni zokwelashwa nokuvimbela ezisekelwe esikoleni, ngakho izinhlelo zokuqeda kuzodingeka ziqiniswe ukuze kuliwe nokulutheka kwe-nicotine entsheni elahlekelwe unyaka wokusebenzelana nochwepheshe okungenzeka babasize ngenye indlela ekutholeni ukwelashwa.
Ulwazi oluzibikele lona oluvela ku-Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System kanye ne-National Youth Tobacco Surveys ye-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention luhlolwe ngabacwaningi. Idatha yayihlanganisa abahlanganyeli benhlolovo abangu-151,573 bonke ababhalise esikoleni esiphakathi noma esikoleni esiphakeme e-USA.
Ngokusho kwedatha, ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi phakathi kwentsha kukhuphuke kusukela ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalolunye noma ezimbalwa ngenyanga kuya okungenani ezinsukwini eziyishumi ngenyanga phakathi kuka-2014 no-2021, kodwa iminyaka lapho beqala ukuyisebenzisa khona yehla.
Isilinganiso sobudala ekusetshenzisweni kokuqala sehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, cishe izinyanga eziyi-1.9 unyaka ngamunye, ngogwayi we-elekthronikhi, kodwa sahlala singashintshile kweminye imikhiqizo kagwayi, ngokusho kocwaningo. Isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala yabahlanganyeli besingu-14.5.
Iphesenti lentsha esebenzise i-e-cigarette okokuqala ngqa a iminyaka encane phakathi kwalabo abasebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lomkhiqizo kagwayi njengamanje bakhuphuke besuka ku-27.2% ngo-2014 baya ku-78.3% ngo-2019 futhi bahlala ku-77% ngo-2021.
'Mayelana' namaphethini ngevolumu yokusetshenziswa
Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-e kukonke kufinyelele izinga eliphezulu kakhulu ngo-2019 ngaphambi kokuwa ngemva kwalokho. Kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nababhemayo abavamile, abantu abaningi ngo-2019 baqala ukubhema i-e-cigarettes emizuzwini emihlanu yokuqala yokuvuka nsuku zonke.
Abacwaningi baphawule, "Izinguquko ezitholakala kulolu cwaningo lwenhlolovo zingase zibonise amazinga amakhulu okulawulwa kwe-nicotine namandla okulutha kagwayi we-e wanamuhla asebenzisa i-protonated nicotine ukwenza i-nicotine ibe lula ukuyihogela."
“Imfuneko yomtholampilo yokulawula ukuluthwa kwezingane kulawa mathuluzi amasha ane-nicotine phakathi nesikhathi esiningi sokuhlangana nokwelapha iqokonyiswa ukukhula okukhulayo kokusetshenziswa kwesimanje kwe-e-cigarette. Ukwengeza, kufanele kubekwe umthetho oqinile, njengokwenqatshelwa ngokuphelele kokumakethwa kwezimpahla zikagwayi ezinephunga elimnandi.
Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi ugwayi we-elekthronikhi kungenzeka ubeka isizukulwane esisha sentsha engozini eyengeziwe yokulutha i-nicotine, futhi ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi intsha eningi ayazi ukuthi iningi likagwayi we-electronic line-nicotine, ngokusho kuka-Ashley Merianos, inhlangano yocwaningo. ilungu le-Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center kanye ne-Thirdhand Smoke Research Consortium engazange ibambe iqhaza ocwaningweni olusha.
“Ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kwe-e-cigarette phakathi kwentsha yaseMelika phakathi kuka-2019 no-2021 kuhle. Yize ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kuvame ukuqaliswa entsheni, ukulutheka kanye nemvamisa yezindlela zokusetshenziswa ezitholakala kulolu cwaningo ziyethusa, ngokusho kukaMerianos, ophinde abe nguprofesa ongumcwaningi eNyuvesi yaseCincinnati.
Izinzuzo ezinkulu zokulawula ugwayi ezifinyelelwe emashumini amaningi eminyaka, waphawula, zingahlehliswa ukuluthwa kwe-nicotine kwasekuqaleni. “Ukubhema kwentsha e-United States okwamanje kusezingeni eliphansi emlandweni, kodwa ukwethulwa okuqhubekayo nokusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-electronic entsheni kungase kuyibuyisele emuva le ntuthuko.”
Ngaphandle kukagwayi noma i-menthol, i-US Food and Drug Administration yakwenqabela ukuthengiswa kukagwayi we-e-cartridge onephunga elimnandi ngo-2020. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi babona ocwaningweni lwabo ukuthi awunambitheki. alahlwayo ugwayi we-elekthronikhi washeshe waduma phakathi kwentsha ngemva kokwenqatshelwa, futhi banxusa odokotela ukuba babheke amacala angase abe khona okuba umlutha we-nicotine ezizukulwaneni ezincane.
Abacwaningi baphetha ocwaningweni lwabo ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi ukulutheka kukagwayi kuwukugula impilo yonke, odokotela kufanele bakulungele ukubhekana nokulutheka kwezingane kule mikhiqizo emisha ye-nicotine ngesikhathi sokusebenzisana okuningi kokwelapha. Isidingo sokuvinjelwa okuphelele kwasekhaya, kwesifunda, kanye nokwenhlangano ekuthengisweni kwezinto zikagwayi onephunga elimnandi kanye nokucatshangelwa kokuqeda ukuthengiswa kwale mikhiqizo embonini yokudayisa evulekile, njengoba kwenziwa emazweni angama-47 kusukela ngo-2021, kugqanyiswe ngu umfutho okhulayo wokusetshenziswa kwe-e-cigarette yesimanje.
Ukukhathazeka “ngokulutheka okukhulu kwe-nicotine”
Ngokusho kukaDkt. Scott Hadland, induna yentsha kanye Osemncane umuthi wabantu abadala eMass General for Children kanye naseHarvard Medical School, obengeyona ingxenye yocwaningo lwamanje kodwa ofunde ukusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine entsheni ngesikhathi sokugqashuka kwe-Covid-19, kungenye yezifundo zokuqala ukwenza lokho.
Iningi lethu odokotela bezingane lalikhathazekile kodwa lingaqiniseki ukuthi yini okufanele liyilindele mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine kwentsha phakathi nalokhu kuphazamiseka. Lo msebenzi uvala igebe elibalulekile lolwazi, ngokusho kwe-imeyili kaHadland.
"Imininingwane kazwelonke isho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-vaping yentsha yehlile ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-Covid, sicabanga ukuthi i-Covid ihlukanise nezingane eziningi emphakathini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kuvame ukwenzeka lapho intsha iphakathi kontanga yabo," kusho yena. Kodwa-ke, ngibonile emtholampilo wami ukuthi izingane “ezenza” i-vape zibonisa ukuluthwa kwe-nicotine kunanoma yisiphi esinye isikhathi eminyakeni engama-30 yokuzijwayeza.
U-Hadland waqhubeka ngokuthi imiphumela yocwaningo lwamanje ifakazela lokho azibonele mathupha emisebenzini yakhe, okuhlanganisa iminyaka encane lapho izingane ziqala khona ukusebenzisa ugwayi we-elekthronikhi, izinga eliphezulu lokuwusebenzisa, kanye nezimpawu ezikhulayo zokuthembela, njenge ukufutha into yokuqala ekuseni.
Intsha evamise ukuthatha imithamo ephezulu ye-nicotine ngokuqhubekayo usuku lonke, okwandisa ukuthambekela kwayo ekubeni umlutha we-nicotine kanye nokuncika. Ngivame ukubona izingane okuthi, uma zizama ukuyeka ukuphefumula, zibhekane nezimpawu ezibuhlungu zokuhoxiswa kwe-nicotine kanye nezifiso ezinkulu zokuyisebenzisa, ”kubhala uHadland ku-imeyili.
“Kuye kwadingeka ngisebenzise izidakamizwa ngokwengeziwe ukuze ngilawule izifiso nezimpawu zokuyeka ezinganeni ukuze ngizisize ziyeke,” engeza. “Ngokwesibonelo, inhlaka ye-nicotine noma ama-lozenji, ama-nicotine patches, namaphilisi e-varenicline—futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingxube yawo.” "Konke lokhu kuyisigameko sakamuva."
